The Golden Mile Complex

The Idea of Little Thailand in Singapore

Authors

  • Ying-kit Chan Leiden University, The Netherlands

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14764/10.ASEAS-0031

Keywords:

Golden Mile Complex, Place, Race, Singapore, Thailand

Abstract

The Golden Mile Complex is one of Singapore’s first shopping malls, built as part of the postcolonial government’s plan to expand and redevelop the urban center. Barely a decade into its existence, Thai eateries, shops, and remittance centers sprang up at the complex, which became known as ‘Little Thailand’ among Singaporeans. For some Singaporeans, Little Thailand suggests the ‘exotic’ or ‘mysterious’; for others, it is simply dirty, danger- ous, and disorderly – a likely result of unflattering descriptions in official statements, press reports, and opinion pieces. This article proposes to examine Little Thailand as an idea and social construction. It explores how Singaporeans have seen Little Thailand and how they have distinguished themselves from the Oriental ‘other’ through their own cognitive, racial categories. Little Thailand expresses the experiences and values of Singaporeans more than it expresses those of Thais. By treating Little Thailand as an idea and a social construction rather than as a physical location (i.e., the Golden Mile Complex), the article uncovers a broader relationship between place, racial discourse, and public perceptions in postcolonial Singapore.

Author Biography

Ying-kit Chan, Leiden University, The Netherlands

Ying-kit Chan is a research fellow at the International Institute for Asian Studies (IIAS), Leiden University. He received his PhD in East Asian Studies from Princeton University. His papers on modern Singapore have appeared in journals such as Asian Studies Review, Asian Survey, South East Asia Research, and Southeast Asian Studies.

References

Abrahamson, M. (1996). Urban enclaves: Identity and place in America. New York: St. Martin’s Press. Ahmad, Y. (1989, June 5). Life returns to Little Thailand. New Paper, 6.

Anderson, C. (2012). Golden Mile Complex. In C. Anderson (Ed.), DP Architects (p. 26). Mulgrave, Victoria: Images Publishing.

Anderson, K. J. (1987). The idea of Chinatown: The power of place and institutional practice in the making of a racial category. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 77(4), 580–598.

Ang, P. H. (1983, July 31). Angry petition by Golden Mile Complex residents. Singapore Monitor, 45.

Ang, P. H. (1983, March 27). Management blames low maintenance fees for money woes. Singapore Monitor, 21. Artz, L., & Murphy, B. O. (2000). Cultural hegemony in the United States. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Barr, M. D. (2016). Ordinary Singapore: The decline of Singapore exceptionalism. Journal of Contemporary Asia, 46(1), 1–17.

Beach Road’s darker side. (1999, October 24). The New Paper, 6.

Chan, M. (1988, January 24). Hot on the Thai trail. The Straits Times, 4.

Chia, A. (1984, September 23). “Pay up” plea to Golden Mile sub-proprietors. Singapore Monitor, 7.

Chua, B.-H. (2011). Making Singapore’s liberal base visible. In T. Chong (Ed.), The AWARE saga: Civil society and public morality in Singapore (pp. 14–24). Singapore: NUS Press.

FARM: The art of architecture. (2006, November 11). TODAY, 58. Four favorite haunts. (1989, March 20). The Straits Times, 19.

Goh, J. (1988, June 25). Toilets of shame spruced up: Ministry commends ST. The Straits Times, 1.

Golden Mile Complex may be conserved even as en bloc tender is launched. (2018, October 31). Channel News Asia. Retrieved from https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/singapore/golden-mile-complex- may-be- conserved-en-bloc-tender-ura-10882580

Guan, X. (2020). A megastructure in Singapore: The “Asian city of tomorrow?” Focaal – The Journal of Global and Historical Anthropology, 86, 53–68.

Jongwilaiwan, R., & Thompson, E. C. (2013). Thai wives in Singapore and transnational patriarchy. Gender, Place & Culture, 20(3), 363–381.

Koh, S. C. (2012). DP Architects historical timeline. In C. Anderson (Ed.), DP Architects (pp. 12–15). Mulgrave, Victoria: Images Publishing.

Kong, L., & Yeoh, B. S. A. (2003). The politics of landscapes in Singapore: Construction of “nation”. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press.

Lee, A. (2014, March 26). Geylang, not Little India, a “potential powder keg”. TODAY, 14. Leong, W. K. (2007, January 8). All revved up for a place to work. TODAY, 2.

Li, W. (2006). Introduction: Asian immigration and community in the Pacific Rim. In W. Li (Ed.), From urban enclave to ethnic suburb: New Asian communities in Pacific Rim countries (pp. 1–22). Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press.

Like a street corner in Haadyai. (1986, August 21). The Straits Times, 2.

Lim, J. (2019, January 13). Golden Mile Complex will “not be the same even if building is kept”. todayonline. Retrieved from https://www.todayonline.com/singapore/golden-mile-complex-will-not-be-same-even- if-building-kept-say-residents-shop-owners-and?cid=h3_referral_inarticlelinks_03092019_todayonline

Lim, S. (1989, March 13). 370 suspected Thai illegal immigrants held at Beach Road. The Straits Times, 1. Low, K. E. Y. (2009). Scents and scent-sibilities: Smell and everyday life experiences. Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.

Man jailed for part in gang-attack on Thai worker. (1986, July 9). The Straits Times, 14. Martin, M. (2007, November 1). “Clubbing” with a twist. TODAY, 46.

Matthews, G. (2011). Ghetto at the center of the world: Chungking Mansions, Hong Kong. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

McFarlane, C. (2008). Postcolonial Bombay: Decline of a cosmopolitan city? Environment and Planning D: Society and Space, 26(3), 480–499.

Mok, S. P. (1970, January 12). Golden Mile Complex. The Straits Times, 12.

Muzaini, H. (2013). Heritage landscapes and nation-building in Singapore. In E. L.-E. Ho, C. Y. Woon, & K. Ramdas (Eds.), Changing landscapes of Singapore: Old tensions, new discoveries (pp. 25–42). Singapore: NUS Press. Parliament Report. (2006, March 6). Head T-Ministry of National Development. Parliament Number 10, Session 2, Volume 81, Sitting 7.

Parliament Report. (1989, February 16). Hawkers penalized under the points demerit system. Parliament Number 7, Session 1, Volume 1, Sitting 9.

Parliament Report. (1971, March 23). Budget, National Development Division. Parliament Number 2, Session 1, Volume 30, Sitting 15.

Parliament Report. (1968, May 6). Addenda, Ministry of National Development. Parliament Number 2, Session 1, Volume 27, Sitting 1.

Parliament Report. (1967a). Urban renewal scheme. Parliament Number 1, Session 1, Volume 26, Sitting 6. Parliament Report. (1967b). Golden Mile scheme. Parliament Number 1, Session 1, Volume 26, Sitting 3. Pattana, K. (2014). The “bare life” of Thai migrant workmen in Singapore. Chiang Mai: Silkworm Books.

Peth, S. A., Sterly, H., & Sakdapolrak, P. (2018). Between the village and the global city: The production and decay of translocal spaces of Thai migrant workers in Singapore. Mobilities, 13(4), 455–472.

Platt, M., Baey, G., Yeoh, B. S. A., Khoo, C. Y., & Lam, T. (2017). Debt, precarity and gender: Male and female temporary labour migrants in Singapore. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 43(1), 119–136.

Police fire warning shots to stop fight. (1995, October 10). The Straits Times, 25.

Policemen fire warning shots to disperse attackers. (1994, January 31). The Straits Times, 19. Rahim, Z. A. (2002, April 15). Shift from Golden Mile. TODAY, 2.

Rise in crime rates and social woes laid at their door. (1989, February 6). The Straits Times, 10. Said, E. W. (1978). Orientalism. New York: Vintage Books.

Sellers: Rosy days may be over for some. (1989, February 9). The Straits Times, 10. Shock at police station. (1989, March 29). New Paper, 4.

Success has not been painless. (1984, April 15). The Straits Times, 13. Supara, J. (2002, June 30). Passports to pain. Bangkok Post.

Suttles, G. D. (1972). The social construction of communities. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Tan, E. S., & Teik, L. C. (1989, March 20). Where foreign workers mix and mingle. The Straits Times, 19. Tan, K. P. (2014). Images of the migrant worker in Singapore’s mainstream news media. In Y. M. Teng, G. Koh, & D. Soon (Eds.), Migration and integration in Singapore: Policies and practice (pp. 160–191). London: Routledge. Thai dies after fight at Beach Road. (1986, May 5). The Straits Times, 10.

Thai worker charged with murder. (1986, March 27). The Straits Times, 10. Thai worker dies after fight. (1988, October 10). The Straits Times, 32.

Thompson, E. C. (2006). Singaporean exceptionalism and its implications for ASEAN regionalism. Contemporary Southeast Asia, 28(2), 183–206.

Thongchai Winichakul. (1994). Siam mapped: A history of the geo-body of a nation. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.

Trupp, A. (2014). Ethnic tourism in northern Thailand: Viewpoints of the Akha and the Karen. In K. Husa,

A. Trupp, & H. Wohlschlägl (Eds.), Southeast Asian mobility transitions: Issues and trends in migration and tourism (pp. 346–376). Vienna: Department of Geography and Regional Research, University of Vienna.

van Grunsven, L. (2011). Post-industrialism and residencing “new immigration” in Singapore. In T.-C. Wong & J. Rigg (Eds.), Asian cities, migrant labor, and contested spaces (pp. 66–90). London: Routledge.

Wee, H. K. (2019). The emergence of the global and social city: Golden Mile and the politics of urban renewal. Planning Perspectives. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1080/02665433.2019.1581835

Wong, K. C. (1985, January 6). Little Bangkok at the Golden Mile. The Straits Times, 3.

Wong, P. T. (2019, March 27). Conservation clause in Golden Mile Complex en bloc a tough sell: Analysts. todayonline. Retrieved from https://www.todayonline.com/singapore/conservation-clause-golden- mile-complex-en-bloc-tough-sell-analysts

Wong, Y. C. (2005). Singapore 1:1 city: A gallery of architecture & urban design. Singapore: Urban Redevelopment Authority.

Wood, R. E. (1984). Ethnic tourism, the state, and cultural change in Southeast Asia. Annals of Tourism Research, 11(3), 353–374.

Ye, J. (2013). Migrant landscapes: A spatial analysis of South Asian male migrants to Singapore. In E. L.-E. Ho, C. Y. Woon & K. Ramdas (Eds.), Changing landscapes of Singapore: Old tensions, new discoveries (pp. 142–157). Singapore: NUS Press.

Yeoh, B. S. A. (2006). Bifurcated labour: The unequal incorporation of transmigrants in Singapore. Tijdschrift voor economische en sociale geografie, 97(1), 26–37.

Yeoh, B. S. A., & Huang, S. (1998). Negotiating public space: Strategies and styles of migrant female domestic workers in Singapore. Urban Studies, 35(3), 583–602.

Yew, L. (2014). Asianism and the politics of regional consciousness in Singapore. London: Routledge.

Zhang, J. (2005). Ethnic boundaries redefined: The emergence of the “permanent outsiders” in Singapore. MA thesis, Department of Sociology, National University of Singapore.

Downloads

Published

2020-06-29

Issue

Section

Current Research on Southeast Asia